How to protect/safeguard your Computer System from Virus & Hackers attack

How to Safeguard your pc from Virus/Malware

A virus is a destructive hidden instruction within a program that runs on your computer without your prior knowledge. They are designed to destroy and cause faults to data. They are programmed and can replicate or duplicate themselves. It will reproduce more and more of itself over and over again until it causes damage to the computer system. This post would be based on how to safeguard and protect your PC from virus attack. Let's see the types of computer viruses we have.

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Types of computer viruses/malware/keyloggers 

Trojan horses

They are malicious and destructive programs that disguise as legitimate software or application. They don't replicate themselves but it is a very widespread and popular form of malware. Trojan horse comes in the form of software to get rid of viruses but instead, they introduce viruses to your computer.

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Worms

They are self-replicating program that multiplies over a network and consumes memory but it does not get attached to other programs or come in form of any software.

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Boot viruses

They are viruses that infect the boot records in the hard disk. The program responsible for loading the operating system (OS) in memory is the boot record program. Boot Virus changes the boot record program by overwriting it or copying it somewhere else. Examples include the Disk killer, Michelangelo, Form, and stone virus.

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Program viruses

It's a form of malware that infects programs especially those with extensions like .exe, .drv, .com and .sys. The virus loads alongside those programs during execution. They make more copies of themselves hereby infecting more files on the disk. Examples of program viruses include cascade, Sunday.

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Multipartite viruses

They are hybrids of both boot and program viruses that infect program files. It's the combination of two viruses. Multipartite virus infects the boot record first, then they move to program files on the disk. Examples include; Flip, Tequila, Invader.

Stealth viruses

They are very difficult to detect. A Stealth virus makes use of certain techniques or methods to avoid detection. Examples include whale, Joshi, Frodo.

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Polymorphic virus

It has the ability to appear in several shapes or forms. This virus can encrypt its code in different ways. They are very difficult to detect. Examples include; Phoenix, Involuntary, Stimulate, Cascade, Virus 101, Evil, proud. 

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What are the symptoms of a virus attack?

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• Abnormal write-protect errors.
• Shortcut folders.
• Programs load longer.
• Crashing of computer programs.
• Strange characters displayed in directory of files.
• Abnormal messages like “Type happy birthday Joshi" (joshi virus attack).
• Increased use of disk space. 

 How do you protect or prevent your computer system from virus attack? 

• Always remove inserted storage device such as CDs, DVDs and USB memory device from drives when booting your PC.
• Write protect your CDs, DVDs and USB memory device when making use of them.
• Scan all your drives regularly with a very good antivirus program. Recommended antivirus is McAfee.
• Never install pirated or reproduced software. Install software from the real write-protected disk containing publisher's label.
• Activate monitors (watch guards) that would detect any suspicious activity. E.g. Windows defender.
• Always scan files you download from the internet or files transferred over a network.
• Get a bootable rescue disk in case of any attack or critical system failure.
• Scan your Entire hard disk frequently. Maybe twice or thrice a week.
• Update your antivirus software and windows defender regularly.
• Update service offered by system software.
• Be very careful when opening or downloading email attachments.
• Do not open emails received from unknown email contacts.

I have viruses on my PC, How do I remove it? 

Antivirus software

They are software that can scan and detect viruses in the hard disk and they delete any malware discovered. There are some stubborn viruses that still remain after the actions of the antivirus program, so it neutralizes the effects of the virus. Most Antivirus programs have an included auto-update feature that allows the program to download the profile of new viruses when connected to the internet. It is not advisable to disable the auto-update feature. They look for ways to tackle new forms of malware. 

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Some popular antivirus software includes; McAfee, Norton, Kaspersky, and avast antivirus. But I would recommend McAfee antivirus. There are certain things to take into consideration when using antivirus software. You should not install or run two anti-virus programs on a computer system because it will slow down the activities of your computer system. Two antivirus cannot keep detecting and scanning for viruses. You should always scan for viruses regularly on your computer system.

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Windows defender

Windows Defender is a free software that detects and removes malware. It is available on Windows 7,

8, 8.1 and 10. It has the ability to easily remove installed ActiveX software. An auto-update feature is also included in it. 

 

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How to protect your PC from hackers 

Hackers are intelligent programmers that understand every detail in a computer system. They are experts at solving problems with a computer and also are computer security professionals. A hacker can also use their computer programming Knowledge to gain unauthorized access to data on a computer system. Hackers are really prominent these days. You have to be really careful when handling operations on your computer system. Below are simple steps or ways to protect your computer system from getting hacked

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• Install a firewall 

A firewall is a combination of hardware and software that sits between an organization's network and the internet. It monitors traffic in and out of a private network or a personal computer and can block or allow them depending on the kind of threat perceived to the computer system. It is like a fence that serves as a barrier against threats. It asks for permission to allow each program to try to use your network. This is an attempt to prevent unauthorized access to data on your pc. A very good firewall is the windows defender which is always preinstalled into the windows operating system. Another useful firewall is the comodo personal firewall.

• Install an antivirus

It alerts your pc of any malicious activities on it. Some email attachments from unknown sources have the capability of stealing personal information like passwords, bank account details, etc. The antivirus software will scan emails for these activities. There are so many antivirus but I would recommend you use either avast or McAfee antivirus.

• Install anti-spyware software

Spyware gathers any information about a person or organization without their knowledge and may send that information to someone else without the latter’s consent. Anti-spyware software scans all incoming network data for spyware and blocks any threat found. Some anti-spyware can be scheduled for regular scanning. A very good anti-spyware is Comodo free antivirus which comes with built-in spyware protection. McAfee also added anti-spyware features to its antivirus product.

• Make use of secure passwords 

You should use strong and complex passwords to protect yourself from hackers. Use a password with a minimum of 8 characters which must be a combination of upper and lower case letters, numbers, and special characters. Avoid using passwords with information about yourself like your name, birth date, kids name, etc.

• Exercise Care in Opening E-mail attachment

 An email attachment is a document, picture or file sent to another contact through an email service provider. You should be careful when opening email attachments. Do not open attachment from unknown sources. Some email attachments could be a plan by hackers to steal information from your computer system. Those kinds of emails are really dangerous.

• Visit Websites with web Certificates

Be careful of the websites you visit. Always visit websites with trusted web certificates.

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